Owned Entities (Sahipli Varlıklar)

Gerçek Senaryo: E-ticaret müşterisinin fatura ve teslimat adresi

Müşterinin iki adresi var. Adresin kendi kimliği yok, müşteri silinince adres de gitmeli, ayrı tabloya gerek yok.

Tablo Yapısı:

// --- Entity'ler ---

public class Address
{
    public string Street     { get; set; }
    public string City       { get; set; }
    public string PostalCode { get; set; }
    public string Country    { get; set; }
}

public class Customer
{
    public int     Id              { get; set; }
    public string  FullName        { get; set; }
    public string  Email           { get; set; }
    public Address ShippingAddress { get; set; }   // teslimat adresi
    public Address BillingAddress  { get; set; }   // fatura adresi
}

// --- Config ---

public class CustomerConfiguration : IEntityTypeConfiguration<Customer>
{
    public void Configure(EntityTypeBuilder<Customer> builder)
    {
        builder.ToTable("Customers");
        builder.HasKey(c => c.Id);
        builder.Property(c => c.FullName).IsRequired().HasMaxLength(150);
        builder.Property(c => c.Email)   .IsRequired().HasMaxLength(200);

        builder.OwnsOne(c => c.ShippingAddress, addr =>
        {
            addr.Property(a => a.Street)    .HasColumnName("Ship_Street")    .HasMaxLength(200);
            addr.Property(a => a.City)      .HasColumnName("Ship_City")      .HasMaxLength(100);
            addr.Property(a => a.PostalCode).HasColumnName("Ship_PostalCode").HasMaxLength(10);
            addr.Property(a => a.Country)   .HasColumnName("Ship_Country")   .HasMaxLength(50);
        });

        builder.OwnsOne(c => c.BillingAddress, addr =>
        {
            addr.Property(a => a.Street)    .HasColumnName("Bill_Street")    .HasMaxLength(200);
            addr.Property(a => a.City)      .HasColumnName("Bill_City")      .HasMaxLength(100);
            addr.Property(a => a.PostalCode).HasColumnName("Bill_PostalCode").HasMaxLength(10);
            addr.Property(a => a.Country)   .HasColumnName("Bill_Country")   .HasMaxLength(50);
        });
    }
}

Oluşan SQL:

CREATE TABLE [Customers] (
    [Id]              INT           IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
    [FullName]        NVARCHAR(150) NOT NULL,
    [Email]           NVARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    -- ShippingAddress (Owned — aynı tabloda)
    [Ship_Street]     NVARCHAR(200) NULL,
    [Ship_City]       NVARCHAR(100) NULL,
    [Ship_PostalCode] NVARCHAR(10)  NULL,
    [Ship_Country]    NVARCHAR(50)  NULL,
    -- BillingAddress (Owned — aynı tabloda)
    [Bill_Street]     NVARCHAR(200) NULL,
    [Bill_City]       NVARCHAR(100) NULL,
    [Bill_PostalCode] NVARCHAR(10)  NULL,
    [Bill_Country]    NVARCHAR(50)  NULL,
    CONSTRAINT [PK_Customers] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([Id])
);

CREATE TABLE customers (
    id              INT           GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY,
    full_name       VARCHAR(150)  NOT NULL,
    email           VARCHAR(200)  NOT NULL,
    -- shipping_address (Owned — aynı tabloda)
    ship_street     VARCHAR(200)  NULL,
    ship_city       VARCHAR(100)  NULL,
    ship_postal_code VARCHAR(10)  NULL,
    ship_country    VARCHAR(50)   NULL,
    -- billing_address (Owned — aynı tabloda)
    bill_street     VARCHAR(200)  NULL,
    bill_city       VARCHAR(100)  NULL,
    bill_postal_code VARCHAR(10)  NULL,
    bill_country    VARCHAR(50)   NULL,
    CONSTRAINT pk_customers PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

Örnek veri:

OwnsMany — Sipariş kalemleri

Bir siparişin satır kalemleri (line items) vardır. Kalem, sipariş dışında anlam taşımaz.

ER Diyagramı:

public class OrderLineItem
{
    public string ProductName { get; set; }
    public int    Quantity    { get; set; }
    public decimal UnitPrice  { get; set; }
}

public class Order
{
    public int    Id        { get; set; }
    public string Reference { get; set; }
    public ICollection<OrderLineItem> LineItems { get; set; }
}

public class OrderConfiguration : IEntityTypeConfiguration<Order>
{
    public void Configure(EntityTypeBuilder<Order> builder)
    {
        builder.ToTable("Orders");
        builder.HasKey(o => o.Id);

        builder.OwnsMany(o => o.LineItems, item =>
        {
            item.ToTable("OrderLineItems");          // OwnsMany ayrı tablo zorunlu
            item.WithOwner().HasForeignKey("OrderId");
            item.Property(i => i.ProductName).IsRequired().HasMaxLength(200);
            item.Property(i => i.Quantity)   .IsRequired();
            item.Property(i => i.UnitPrice)  .HasPrecision(18, 2);
        });
    }
}

Oluşan SQL:

CREATE TABLE [Orders] (
    [Id]        INT          IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
    [Reference] NVARCHAR(MAX) NULL,
    CONSTRAINT [PK_Orders] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([Id])
);

CREATE TABLE [OrderLineItems] (
    [Id]          INT           IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
    [OrderId]     INT           NOT NULL,
    [ProductName] NVARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    [Quantity]    INT           NOT NULL,
    [UnitPrice]   DECIMAL(18,2) NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT [PK_OrderLineItems] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([Id]),
    CONSTRAINT [FK_OrderLineItems_Orders] FOREIGN KEY ([OrderId]) REFERENCES [Orders]([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

CREATE TABLE orders (
    id        INT          GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY,
    reference TEXT         NULL,
    CONSTRAINT pk_orders PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

CREATE TABLE order_line_items (
    id           INT           GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY,
    order_id     INT           NOT NULL,
    product_name VARCHAR(200)  NOT NULL,
    quantity     INT           NOT NULL,
    unit_price   NUMERIC(18,2) NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT pk_order_line_items PRIMARY KEY (id),
    CONSTRAINT fk_order_line_items_orders FOREIGN KEY (order_id) REFERENCES orders(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

Örnek veri:

Orders:

OrderLineItems:

JSON'a map etme (EF Core 7+)

Kalemler ayrı tablo yerine JSON sütununda saklanabilir.

builder.OwnsMany(o => o.LineItems, item =>
{
    item.ToJson();   // ayrı tablo yerine Orders.LineItems sütununa JSON yazar
});

JSON formatında veri (Orders tablosu):

Ne zaman Owned Entity, ne zaman ayrı tablo?